It is one of the most important archaeological sites of the island and stretches over about 11km. It operated from the 6th to the 8th century A.D. and brought the rich waters of the springs of Flerio and Melanes to Naxos Town. The Naxians made a hole in the mountain and constructed a tunnel to make this aquaduct. In the valley with the springs and the waters there used to be a sanctuary, where they worshiped a goddess of land fertility and a hero/ protector of the quarrymen who worked in the neighboring quarries.
The archaeological site was excavated and formed by the University of Athens and you can see the entrance of the aqueduct tunnel, the exit and the parts excavated in five sites. Driving from Flerio to Chora you will notice many signs on the road marking for parts of the aqueduct discovered (and you can actually see them).
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In Kourounochori there is the Museum Collection of Melanes, whose exhibits are mostly findings from this large water supply project of the antiquity.